<div dir="ltr"><a href="http://www.csoonline.com/article/3058764/security/hacking-team-postmortem-is-something-all-security-leaders-should-read.html">http://www.csoonline.com/article/3058764/security/hacking-team-postmortem-is-something-all-security-leaders-should-read.html</a><br><p>Hacking Team is back in the news again. Last weekend, the person responsible for Hacking Team's meltdown <a href="https://ghostbin.com/paste/6kho7" target="new">posted a recap of the incident</a>, including a detailed overview of how they hacked the Italian firm.</p><p>It's
a fascinating read on its own, but the postmortem should be essential
reading for anyone that supports or manages a security program.</p><p>Hacking
Team is an Italian company that sells intrusion and surveillance tools
to governments and law enforcement agencies. Nine months ago, <a href="http://www.csoonline.com/article/2944333/data-breach/hacking-team-responds-to-data-breach-issues-public-threats-and-denials.html" target="new">their world was rocked after someone exfiltrated nearly 400GB of data form their network</a>, including source code and contracts.</p><p>The
irony is that Hacking Team developed tools that enabled hostile
governments to do the exact things that were done to them, so many in
the security industry experienced no small amount of schadenfreude at
their expense. Over the weekend, the person responsible for the Hacking
Team data breach, Phineas Fisher, <a href="http://www.csoonline.com/article/3057980/security/hacker-this-is-how-i-broke-into-hacking-team.html" target="new">outlined the hack from start to finish</a>.</p> <p>"You
used to have to sneak into offices to leak documents. You used to need a
gun to rob a bank. Now you can do both from bed with a laptop in hand,"
Phineas Fisher wrote.</p><p>"That's the beauty and asymmetry of
hacking: with 100 hours of work, one person can undo years of work by a
multi-million dollar company..."</p><p>To be clear, what happened to
Hacking Team is a classic example of a targeted attack. Few
organizations could outlast an attacker with knowledge, time, and
resources. At the same time, the way Hacking Team managed and developed
their network did them no favors.</p><p>Fisher took the time to reverse
engineer some firmware in an embedded device and develop a new exploit.
This Zero-Day vulnerability enabled persistent access, because he used
it once (and only once) to plant a backdoor into the network.</p> <p>Ultimately,
a poorly configured iSCSI was Hacking Teams downfall, but there were
other issues too – such as services deep within the network exposed to
less secure subnets, MongoDB instances with no authentication, backups
that had passwords stored in plaintext, as well as weak passwords
everywhere – including on critical systems.</p><p>[<a href="http://www.csoonline.com/article/2944732/data-breach/in-pictures-hacking-teams-hack-curated.html" target="new"><strong>See Also: In Pictures: Hacking Team's hack curated</strong></a>]</p><p>So what are some takeaways form the post-hack outline? Sarah Clarke, <a href="http://infospectives.co.uk" target="new">from infospectives.co.uk</a>, shared some of her thoughts on the matter, including the fact that everyone's threat level just went up a bit.</p><p>"Despite
being almost a decade away from the network coalface, I, without much
trouble, and a little help from my friends, could do everything listed.
What will stop me is fear of prosecution, ethics, and a strong
analytical ability to see short, medium, long-term implications," she
said.</p><p>Considering the outline and processes documented by Phineas
Fisher, Clarke did what many security leaders would and searched for
"what's next" – what can organizations with concerns about these types
of attacks monitor for?</p><p>If your organization faced a similar
attack, what would common enterprise monitoring tools spot, if
configured correctly? What amendments to IDS/IPS, log monitoring,
vulnerability scanning, pen test scoping, SIEM alerting, or alert
analysis need to be made or augmented?</p><p>Andy Settle, head of special investigations for Austin-based Forcepoint, had some additional thoughts, which are produced below.</p><p>"The
attack was targeted and had every intention of getting in. This type of
threat needs to be addressed by asking 'when?' and not simply 'if?'
Once inside the company network, the hacker managed to traverse the
company infrastructure with little difficulty," he said.</p><p>"Protecting
the soft-skinned inner workings of an organizational infrastructure is
equally important. Minimizing the services within a company network is
just as essential to minimizing those presented to the outside world."</p><h3>Monitor & Assess:</h3><p>Firewall
logs can give advanced warning of these types of attacks. Network
mapping, port scanning and enumeration may well be countered by the
firewall and Intrusion Prevention Devices (IPS) but to not monitor and
assess the data they produce is to lose the Indicators & Warnings
(I&Ws) that could indicate that something was likely to happen.</p><h3>Updates & Patching:</h3><p>"There
should be no surprise that updates and patching are essential. [Phineas
Fisher] was able to exploit a known vulnerability within the network
management system Nagios. Interestingly, the attacker became aware of
the Nagios system only after they "spied" on the sysadmins," Settle
explained.</p><h3>Separation of Networks:</h3><p>This attack was
possible because backup and management networks that should have been
segregated were not. Separation of operational and management networks
is a useful technique for protecting infrastructure, especially when the
management network requires administrative privileges. In this attack,
[Phineas Fisher] was able to interrogate and dump the email server
backup images.</p><h3>Watch and Protect the Privileged:</h3><p>We often
say that one of the greatest challenges is monitoring those with
privileged accounts. Many organizations, especially government related
require security clearances to protect from the insider threat. However,
what this incident teaches us that once in, the bad guys make a beeline
for the sysadmins to monitor their activities in order to gain greater
knowledge and understanding of the company and its infrastructure.</p><p>"There
is somewhat of a mind-set change here, should we not be monitoring the
privileged users and their workstations? Not because we do not trust
them, but for their own protection and to ensure they are too are not
being watched by network sniffers, key-loggers etc.?" he added.</p><h3>Egress Monitoring:</h3><p>"One
final observation is that a lot of data was ex-filtrated. Why was this
not noticed? This is hardly uncommon in attacks where intellectual
property is the target. Implementing a Data Theft or Data Loss
Prevention (DTP/DLP) solution and monitoring will lessen the likelihood
and potential impact of this type of attack," Settle said.</p><br></div>