<div dir="ltr"><div><div class="gmail_signature"><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><a href="http://www.ipwatchdog.com/2018/04/15/protecting-trade-secrets-in-europe-update/id=95794/">http://www.ipwatchdog.com/2018/04/15/protecting-trade-secrets-in-europe-update/id=95794/</a></div><div dir="ltr"><p>Negotiating the trade secret protection landscape in Europe can be a
complicated business. Each country has its own rules on what can be
protected, how it’s protected and the remedies available. Rules on
maintaining secrecy during court proceedings also differ between
jurisdictions. All this is (theoretically) set to change on June 9 when
the deadline for EU Member States to implement the EU’s new Trade
Secrets Directive expires.</p>
<h2><strong>What will change? </strong></h2>
<p>The Directive defines what can be protected as a trade secret and the
activities which amount to its unlawful acquisition, use or disclosure.
It also provides a uniform set of civil law remedies and requires
Member States to provide procedures to protect trade secrets during the
litigation process.</p>
<p>Some jurisdictions are going to be more affected than others by these
new rules. Belgium, in particular, will need to make some significant
changes to the protection it currently offers while Denmark, Italy,
Spain and the UK already offer the majority of the protections required
by the Directive. However, even in the less affected jurisdictions, the
Directive will result in some changes to the national law. Important
changes introduced by the Directive include:</p>
<ul>
<li>The Directive will provide a right to take action against third
parties who acquire a trade secret from another where they ought to have
known under the circumstances that it had been unlawfully used or
disclosed. This will strengthen the protection currently available in
Germany, Italy, France, the Netherlands, Spain, Belgium, Denmark, and
Poland. This increased protection could help clamp down on the market
for stolen trade secrets (e.g. those obtained through cyber-attacks) by
increasing the likelihood that a downstream recipient would also be
found liable, despite their lack of actual knowledge that the
information was stolen.</li>
<li>The Directive will also strengthen the protection available in
relation to goods whose design, functioning, production or marketing
significantly benefit from a trade secret. This will be of benefit to
those seeking to enforce trade secret protection against parties who
deal in such goods, especially in cases where goods are imported into
the EU, having been manufactured in jurisdictions with less stringent
trade secret protection.</li>
<li>The Directive provides protection for trade secrets during the
course of litigation. This will improve the protections available in a
number of jurisdictions including France, the Netherlands, Spain,
Belgium, Poland, and Finland. In particular, the Directive allows
confidentiality clubs, private hearings and the redaction of judgments.
This will give trade secret owners more confidence to bring enforcement
actions by removing the risk that the proceedings themselves could
result in disclosure of their trade secret(s).</li>
<li>The Directive provides that interim and preliminary measures to
protect trade secrets should be available in all jurisdictions. Such
measures include interim prohibitions on the use or disclosure of a
trade secret and preliminary injunctions and seizures relating to goods
which significantly benefit from a trade secret. This will improve the
range of interim remedies available in France, Belgium and Finland and
provide greater legal certainty in other jurisdictions, where the status
of some interim remedies has been somewhat unclear.</li>
</ul>
<h2><strong>What’s the current state of play? </strong></h2>
<p>With the June 9 deadline for national implementation fast
approaching, we surveyed colleagues in our other European offices to
check the state of play in their jurisdiction. The picture which emerged
was mixed.</p>
<p>Much progress has been made towards national implementation of the
Directive in the UK, Italy, France, The Netherlands, Denmark, Sweden,
and Hungary. Implementation in these jurisdictions is expected on or
around the June 9 deadline. Work is also underway in Poland and Finland,
but it’s possible that implementation could slip a few months past the
deadline. Slightly further behind are Spain, Belgium, and the Czech
Republic. Germany is currently lagging behind as the recent political
deadlock surrounding the formation of the new government has delayed the
legislative agenda, although a draft bill has been promised for the
first half of 2018.</p>
<p>Approaches to implementation also vary significantly. The
Netherlands, Denmark, Hungary, and Finland are planning new legislation
which will replicate much of the wording of the Directive. Other
jurisdictions such as the UK, Italy, Poland and the Czech Republic are
planning to enact only those changes required to bring their existing
law on trade secret protection in line with the Directive.</p>
<p>The Directive only mandates a minimum level of protection which each
jurisdiction must provide and some jurisdictions are also using the
opportunity to introduce additional trade secret protections. Italy is
planning to include new criminal sanctions, with increased penalties
where the unlawful acquisition of a trade secret includes the use of “IT
instruments”, with the aim of dissuading the use of hacking to obtain
trade secrets. Finland is also planning to use its new legislation as an
opportunity to define the circumstances in which third parties such as a
company’s directors, employees, auditors and parties to a confidential
business relationship will have a secrecy obligation.</p>
<h2><strong>Best practice</strong></h2>
<p>Once fully implemented the Directive will improve trade secret
protection in Europe but there are a number of steps which businesses
can take now to benefit from this enhanced protection. These include:</p>
<ul>
<li>Familiarizing themselves with the definition of what can be protected as a trade secret under the Directive.</li>
<li>To qualify as a trade secret under the Directive information must have been “<em>subject to reasonable steps … to keep it secret</em>“.
Companies should, therefore, take steps to identify the categories of
information they want to protect as a trade secret and ensure they would
be able to document the steps taken to keep it secret.</li>
<li>Often the key to protecting trade secrets is moving quickly once an
information security breach has been identified. Companies should put in
place (and regularly review) incident response plans to define
responsibilities and lines of communication along with internal and
external legal and technical support which can be called upon. Being
prepared to take action quickly will help companies best leverage the
benefit from the potential interim remedies provided by the Directive.</li>
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